Download file from URL and send email using python
Recently one of my friend ask me to write a script which can download a file from from urls saved in a excel file and the downloaded files to a bunch of email address saved in a separate excel file.
So I decided to write a script in python and here’s how I did it.
Flow of the program
- Read URL from the excel file
- Download file from the URL
- Read recipient email address from excel file
- Create an email
- Send the email
- Stitching all pieces together
Read URL from excel file
To read excel file in python we will use the openpyxl library. Alternatively you can use other libraries like pandas, openpyxl, xlsxwrite, xlwt, xlutils, but some doesnot support the xlsx file format so I used openpyxl. Leave a comment if you tries using other libraries to read your xlsx file.
To install xlrd library run command in cmd
pip install openpyxl
Now we need to read oepn the file and read the cell of which contain the url from where the files will be downloaded.
Read cells in an excel .xlsx file using openpyxl
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import openpyxl #path of file containing url url_file="url.xlsx" #load the excel file workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(url_file) #load the first worksheet worksheet = workbook.active #find max rows which has data max_rows= worksheet.max_row #list which stores the urls url_list=[] #print all data in row for row in worksheet.iter_rows(max_row=max_rows): for cell in row: url_list.append(cell.value) print(url_list) |
Now that we have read the excel file and get the list of urls we ready to download the file from the url .
Downlaod file from url
To download file from the url we will be sending a get request to the url and in response receive the file which can be saved or can be used within without saving.
Code to download file using a url
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import requests #request the image url downloaded_file=requests.get("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Olhos_de_um_gato.jpg/1280px-Olhos_de_um_gato.jpg") #create a new file with jpg extension save_file= open("1.jpg",'wb') #save file with content received from response save_file.write(downloaded_file.content) #close file save_file.close() |
Note: Response from the request url is in binary format which can only be written by opening the file in “wb” mode.
You might need to debug depending on the format of response you get.
Reading recepients email address from Email
This is similar to reading url from excel file read as explained above.
Now, we have the downloaded file, and recipient email address, lets create an email.
Creating an email using python
To send emails python already provide a built-in email, smtplib and ssl library.
To create a email we will need the following things
- sender address
- receivers address
- subject
- body
To enable your gmail to send email using smtp you need to enable 2-factor authentication and a different “app password”
Follow this guide to generate app password use any device name .
Code to send email with image attachment
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#code from https://realpython.com/python-send-email/ import email, smtplib, ssl from email import encoders from email.mime.base import MIMEBase from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.mime.text import MIMEText subject = "Python Script can sent emails too" body = "This is an email with image attachment sent from Python" password = "app password" # Create a multipart message and set headers message = MIMEMultipart() message["From"] = sender_email message["To"] = receiver_email message["Subject"] = subject message["Bcc"] = receiver_email # Recommended for mass emails # Add body to email message.attach(MIMEText(body, "plain")) filename = "1.jpg" # In same directory as script # Open PDF file in binary mode with open(filename, "rb") as attachment: # Add file as application/octet-stream # Email client can usually download this automatically as attachment part = MIMEBase("application", "octet-stream") part.set_payload(attachment.read()) # Encode file in ASCII characters to send by email encoders.encode_base64(part) # Add header as key/value pair to attachment part part.add_header( "Content-Disposition", f"attachment; filename= {filename}", ) # Add attachment to message and convert message to string message.attach(part) text = message.as_string() # Log in to server using secure context and send email context = ssl.create_default_context() with smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.gmail.com", 465, context=context) as server: server.login(sender_email, password) server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, text) |
Explaining all each line of code will make this blog post too long you can check out Realpython’s send simple email blog post to know more about the above code.
Stitching all pieces together
Finally we have all the pre-requisite, now its time to put them all in one script and start bombarding emails to the recepients.
Sending downloaded images to recipients email address
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import openpyxl import requests import uuid import email, smtplib, ssl from email import encoders from email.mime.base import MIMEBase from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.mime.text import MIMEText #path of file containing url url_file="url.xlsx" recepient_file="rec.xlsx" #load the excel file workbook_rec = openpyxl.load_workbook(recepient_file) workbook_url = openpyxl.load_workbook(url_file) #load the first worksheet worksheet_url = workbook_url.active worksheet_rec = workbook_rec.active #find max rows which has data max_rows_url= worksheet_url.max_row max_rows_rec= worksheet_rec.max_row #list which stores the urls url_list=[] rec_list=[] #print all data in row for row in worksheet_url.iter_rows(max_row=max_rows_url): for cell in row: url_list.append(cell.value) for row in worksheet_rec.iter_rows(max_row=max_rows_rec): for cell in row: if cell.value!= None: rec_list.append(cell.value) # print(url_list) # print(rec_list) def download_file(url): downloaded_file=requests.get(url) file_name= str(uuid.uuid4().hex) save_file= open( str(file_name + ".jpg"),'wb') save_file.write(downloaded_file.content) save_file.close() return str(file_name+".jpg") def send_email(rec_address,attachment_file): subject = "An email with attachment from Python" body = "This is an email with attachment sent from Python" receiver_email = str(rec_address) password = "generated app password" # Create a multipart message and set headers message = MIMEMultipart() message["From"] = sender_email message["To"] = receiver_email message["Subject"] = subject message["Bcc"] = receiver_email # Recommended for mass emails # Add body to email message.attach(MIMEText(body, "plain")) filename = attachment_file # In same directory as script # Open PDF file in binary mode with open(filename, "rb") as attachment: # Add file as application/octet-stream # Email client can usually download this automatically as attachment part = MIMEBase("application", "octet-stream") part.set_payload(attachment.read()) # Encode file in ASCII characters to send by email encoders.encode_base64(part) # Add header as key/value pair to attachment part part.add_header( "Content-Disposition", f"attachment; filename= {filename}", ) # Add attachment to message and convert message to string message.attach(part) text = message.as_string() # Log in to server using secure context and send email context = ssl.create_default_context() with smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.gmail.com", 465, context=context) as server: server.login(sender_email, password) server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, text) # print(attachment_file,"sent to",receiver_email) # down load all the files file_name_list=[] for file_url in url_list: print(file_url) if file_url!= None: file_name=download_file(file_url) file_name_list.append(file_name) print(file_name_list) for recepient in rec_list: for attachment_file in file_name_list: send_email(recepient,attachment_file) |
The above script reads the recipient one by one and send all the downloaded file to each recipient in separate email.
You can download the file from Download Now
Feel free to comment if you want to add extra feature or need help in debugging your version of the code.
